11G and before
分为不停机和停机两种方式：
一、不停机移动数据文件
完整步骤：
1、确认开启归档模式
2、offline数据文件
3、物理层移动数据文件（可重命名）
4、逻辑层rename数据文件路径及名称
5、recover恢复数据文件
6、online数据文件
--开启归档模式
SQL> archive log list
Database log mode No Archive Mode
Automatic archival Disabled
Archive destination /archivelog
Oldest online log sequence 1
Current log sequence 2
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1603411968 bytes
Fixed Size 2253664 bytes
Variable Size 452988064 bytes
Database Buffers 1140850688 bytes
Redo Buffers 7319552 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database archivelog;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
--offline数据文件
SQL> /
FILE# NAME STATUS
---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ -------
1 /oradata/orcl11g/system01.dbf SYSTEM
2 /oradata/orcl11g/sysaux01.dbf ONLINE
3 /oradata/orcl11g/undotbs01.dbf ONLINE
4 /oradata/orcl11g/users01.dbf ONLINE
5 /oradata/orcl11g/example01.dbf ONLINE
6 /oradata/orcl11g/test01.dbf ONLINE
7 /oradata/ORCL11G/datafile/o1_mf_test_j7jgpq7k_.dbf ONLINE
7 rows selected.
SQL> alter database datafile 7 offline;
Database altered.
--物理层移动数据文件
SQL> !mv /oradata/ORCL11G/datafile/o1_mf_test_j7jgpq7k_.dbf /oradata/orcl11g/test02.dbf
SQL> !ls /oradata/orcl11g/test02.dbf
/oradata/orcl11g/test02.dbf
--逻辑层rename数据文件
SQL> alter database rename file '/oradata/ORCL11G/datafile/o1_mf_test_j7jgpq7k_.dbf' to '/oradata/orcl11g/test02.dbf';
Database altered.
--恢复数据文件
SQL> recover datafile 7;
Media recovery complete.
--online数据文件
SQL> alter database datafile 7 online;
Database altered.
SQL> select file#,name,status from v$datafile;
FILE# NAME STATUS
---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ -------
1 /oradata/orcl11g/system01.dbf SYSTEM
2 /oradata/orcl11g/sysaux01.dbf ONLINE
3 /oradata/orcl11g/undotbs01.dbf ONLINE
4 /oradata/orcl11g/users01.dbf ONLINE
5 /oradata/orcl11g/example01.dbf ONLINE
6 /oradata/orcl11g/test01.dbf ONLINE
7 /oradata/orcl11g/test02.dbf ONLINE
7 rows selected.
二、停机移动数据文件
完整步骤：
1、关闭数据库
2、物理层移动数据文件（可重命名）
3、开启数据库到mount
4、逻辑层rename数据文件路径及名称
5、开启数据库
--创建一个TEST表空间，发现建在了/oradata/ORCL11G/下，希望移动到/oradata/orcl11g/下 SQL> create tablespace TEST; Tablespace created. SQL> select name from v$datafile; NAME -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /oradata/orcl11g/system01.dbf /oradata/orcl11g/sysaux01.dbf /oradata/orcl11g/undotbs01.dbf /oradata/orcl11g/users01.dbf /oradata/orcl11g/example01.dbf /oradata/ORCL11G/datafile/o1_mf_test_j7jfm30c_.dbf --尝试在线移动数据文件 SQL> alter database rename file '/oradata/ORCL11G/datafile/o1_mf_test_j7jfm30c_.dbf' to '/oradata/orcl11g/test01.dbf'; alter database rename file '/oradata/ORCL11G/datafile/o1_mf_test_j7jfm30c_.dbf' to '/oradata/orcl11g/test01.dbf' * ERROR at line 1: ORA-01511: error in renaming log/data files ORA-01121: cannot rename database file 6 - file is in use or recovery ORA-01110: data file 6: '/oradata/ORCL11G/datafile/o1_mf_test_j7jfm30c_.dbf' --报错ORA-01121 [oracle@orcl11g:/home/oracle]$ oerr ORA 01121 01121, 00000, "cannot rename database file %s - file is in use or recovery" // *Cause: Attempted to use ALTER DATABASE RENAME to rename a // datafile that is online in an open instance or is being recovered. // *Action: Close database in all instances and end all recovery sessions.
明确无法在线移动数据文件，需要关闭数据库。
--操作系统层面移动数据文件，并且重命名 [oracle@orcl11g:/oradata/ORCL11G/datafile]$ ll total 102408 -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 104865792 Apr 15 20:55 o1_mf_test_j7jfm30c_.dbf [oracle@orcl11g:/oradata/ORCL11G/datafile]$ mv o1_mf_test_j7jfm30c_.dbf /oradata/orcl11g/ control01.ctl example01.dbf redo01.log redo02.log redo03.log sysaux01.dbf system01.dbf temp01.dbf undotbs01.dbf users01.dbf [oracle@orcl11g:/oradata/ORCL11G/datafile]$ mv o1_mf_test_j7jfm30c_.dbf /oradata/orcl11g/test01.dbf [oracle@orcl11g:/oradata/ORCL11G/datafile]$ ll /oradata/orcl11g/test01.dbf --开启数据库到mount SQL> startup mount ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1603411968 bytes Fixed Size 2253664 bytes Variable Size 452988064 bytes Database Buffers 1140850688 bytes Redo Buffers 7319552 bytes Database mounted. --rename数据文件名称 SQL> select name from v$datafile; NAME -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /oradata/orcl11g/system01.dbf /oradata/orcl11g/sysaux01.dbf /oradata/orcl11g/undotbs01.dbf /oradata/orcl11g/users01.dbf /oradata/orcl11g/example01.dbf /oradata/ORCL11G/datafile/o1_mf_test_j7jfm30c_.dbf 6 rows selected. SQL> alter database rename file '/oradata/ORCL11G/datafile/o1_mf_test_j7jfm30c_.dbf' to '/oradata/orcl11g/test01.dbf'; Database altered. SQL> select name from v$datafile; NAME -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /oradata/orcl11g/system01.dbf /oradata/orcl11g/sysaux01.dbf /oradata/orcl11g/undotbs01.dbf /oradata/orcl11g/users01.dbf /oradata/orcl11g/example01.dbf /oradata/orcl11g/test01.dbf 6 rows selected. --开启数据库 SQL> alter database open; Database altered.
12C and later
支持在线移动数据文件：
可参考：Online Move Datafile in Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1)
语法如下：
ALTER DATABASE MOVE DATAFILE ( 'filename' | 'ASM_filename' | file_number ) [ TO ( 'filename' | 'ASM_filename' ) ] [ REUSE ] [ KEEP ]
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