源码在这里:https://github.com/darrenji/UseIdentityCRUDUserInMVC,本地下载
在VS2013中创建一个MVC项目,用默认的”无身份验证”作为身份验证机制。
通过控制台下载Bootstrap。
Install-Package -version 3.0.3 bootstrap
下载成功后,在解决方案下的Content和Scripts多了该版本的css和js文件。
把创建项目默认HomeController中的所有Action以及/Views/Home下的所有视图删除。
热热身
先来做一个简单练习。
在HomeController中的Index方法中,把一个字典传递给视图。
public class HomeController : Controller { public ActionResult Index() { Dictionarydata = new Dictionary (); data.Add("placeholder", "placeholder"); return View(data); } }
_Layout.cshtml设置如下:
ASP.NET Identity实战 @RenderBody()@Scripts.Render("~/bundles/jquery") @Scripts.Render("~/bundles/bootstrap") @RenderSection("scripts", required: false)
Home/Index.cshtml视图中:
@{ ViewBag.Title = "Index"; Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml"; }用户明细@foreach (string key in Model.Keys) {
} @key @Model[key]
前期准备
分别安装如下组件。
Install-Package Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.EntityFramework –Version 2.0.0
Install-Package Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.OWIN -Version 2.0.0
Install-Package Microsoft.Owin.Host.SystemWeb -Version 2.1.0
配置Web.config如下:
以上,
- 增加了connectionStrings节点,将自动创建localdb数据库
- 在appSettings节点中增加了一个key为owin:AppStartup项,这是确保OWIN运行正常的全局配置
在Models文件夹下创建如下类。
public class AppUser : IdentityUser { }
在解决方案下创建Infrastructure文件夹。
在Infrastructure文件夹下创建一个上下文类,需要实现IdentityDbContext接口。
public class AppIdentityDbContext : IdentityDbContext{ public AppIdentityDbContext() : base("IdentityDb") { } static AppIdentityDbContext() { //使用EF Code First第一次创建的时候调用 Database.SetInitializer (new IdentityDbInit()); } public static AppIdentityDbContext Create() { return new AppIdentityDbContext(); } } //初始化 public class IdentityDbInit : DropCreateDatabaseIfModelChanges { protected override void Seed(AppIdentityDbContext context) { PerformInitialSetup(context); base.Seed(context); } //初始化工作 public void PerformInitialSetup(AppIdentityDbContext context) { } }
在Infrastructure文件夹下创建一个管理用户的类,需要继承UserManager
还记得,先前在appSettings节点中配置了一个如下方式:
OWIN需要一个全局启动文件,默认会到项目的顶级命名空间下找IdentityConfig这个类。
那就在App_Start中创建IdentityConfig这个类,这个类在WebApplication4这个命名空间下。
namespace WebApplication4 { public class IdentityConfig { public void Configuration(IAppBuilder app) { app.CreatePerOwinContext(AppIdentityDbContext.Create); app.CreatePerOwinContext (AppUserManager.Create); app.UseCookieAuthentication(new CookieAuthenticationOptions { AuthenticationType = DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ApplicationCookie, LoginPath = new Microsoft.Owin.PathString("/Account/Login") }); } } }
显示用户
创建AdminController,现在可以向视图传递所有的用户了,编写如下:
public class AdminController : Controller { public ActionResult Index() { return View(UserManager.Users); } private AppUserManager UserManager { get { return HttpContext.GetOwinContext().GetUserManager(); } } }
再创建Admin/Index.cshtml类型为IEnumerable
@model IEnumerable@{ ViewBag.Title = "Index"; Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml"; } @Html.ActionLink("创建用户", "Create", null, new { @class = "btn btn-primary" })所有用户账户
@if (Model.Count() == 0) { ID Name } else { foreach (WebApplication4.Models.AppUser user in Model) { 还没有创建用户 } } @user.Id @user.UserName @user.Email @using (Html.BeginForm("Delete", "Admin", new { id = user.Id })) { @Html.ActionLink("编辑", "Edit", new { id = user.Id }, new { @class = "btn btn-primary btn-xs" }) }
创建用户
在Models文件夹下创建一个视图模型。
namespace WebApplication4.Models { public class CreateModel { public string Id { get; set; } [Required] public string Name { get; set; } [Required] public string Email { get; set; } [Required] public string Password { get; set; } } }
在AdminController中添加创建用户相关的方法。
public class AdminController : Controller { public ActionResult Index() { return View(UserManager.Users); } //创建显示 public ActionResult Create() { return View(); } [HttpPost] public async TaskCreate(CreateModel model) { if(ModelState.IsValid) { var user = new AppUser{UserName = model.Name, Email = model.Email}; IdentityResult result = await UserManager.CreateAsync(user, model.Password); if(result.Succeeded) { return RedirectToAction("Index"); }else{ AddErrorsFromResult(result); } } return View(model); } //创建接收 private void AddErrorsFromResult(IdentityResult result) { foreach(var error in result.Errors) { ModelState.AddModelError("", error); } } private AppUserManager UserManager { get { return HttpContext.GetOwinContext().GetUserManager (); } } }
在Admin/Create.cshtml视图页中:
@model WebApplication4.Models.CreateModel @{ ViewBag.Title = "Create"; Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml"; }Create
@using (Html.BeginForm()) { @Html.AntiForgeryToken()}创建用户
@Html.ValidationSummary(true)@Html.LabelFor(model => model.Name, new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })@Html.EditorFor(model => model.Name) @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Name)@Html.LabelFor(model => model.Email, new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })@Html.EditorFor(model => model.Email) @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Email)@Html.LabelFor(model => model.Password, new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })@Html.EditorFor(model => model.Password) @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Password)@Html.ActionLink("返回", "Index")
点击”创建”按钮,创建成功返回显示用户页面。
oh, my god,只是配置了一下就有数据了? 数据在哪呢?
点击左上角的”服务器资源管理器”,右键”IdentityDb”,点击”刷新”。
再打开AspNetUsers表,刚创建的用户赫然在列。
好像还有点欠缺,用户输入密码的时候,总应该有些限制吧。
能想到的,ASP.NET Identity都为我们准备好了。有一个PasswordValidator类就是干这个的。
在Infrastructure文件夹中创建一个PasswordValidator类的继承子类。
namespace WebApplication4.Infrastructure { public class CustomPasswordValidator : PasswordValidator { public override async TaskValidateAsync(string pass) { IdentityResult result = await base.ValidateAsync(pass); if (pass.Contains("12345")) { var errors = result.Errors.ToList(); errors.Add("密码中包含太多连续数字"); result = new IdentityResult(errors); } return result; } } }
然后需要把这个规则告诉UserManager。
namespace WebApplication4.Infrastructure { public class AppUserManager : UserManager{ public AppUserManager(IUserStore store) : base(store) { } public static AppUserManager Create(IdentityFactoryOptions options, IOwinContext context) { //identity ef上下文 AppIdentityDbContext db = context.Get (); //与identity ef相关的UserStore IUserStore us = new UserStore (db); AppUserManager manager = new AppUserManager(us); //密码相关 manager.PasswordValidator = new CustomPasswordValidator { RequiredLength = 6, RequireNonLetterOrDigit = false, RequireDigit = false, RequireLowercase = true, RequireUppercase = true }; return manager; } } }
再次运行程序,创建用户页面,尝试输入不通过的密码。
不过,关于密码的规则,似乎可以在View Model的验证层面就可以解决掉。
编辑和删除用户
在AdminController中增加编辑和删除的部分。
public class AdminController : Controller { public ActionResult Index() { return View(UserManager.Users); } //创建显示 public ActionResult Create() { return View(); } //创建接收 [HttpPost] public async TaskCreate(CreateModel model) { if(ModelState.IsValid) { var user = new AppUser{UserName = model.Name, Email = model.Email}; IdentityResult result = await UserManager.CreateAsync(user, model.Password); if(result.Succeeded) { return RedirectToAction("Index"); }else{ AddErrorsFromResult(result); } } return View(model); } //编辑显示 public async Task Edit(string id) { AppUser user = await UserManager.FindByIdAsync(id); if(User != null) { CreateModel createModel = new CreateModel(); createModel.Id = user.Id; createModel.Email = user.Email; createModel.Name = user.UserName; createModel.Password = user.PasswordHash; return View(createModel); } else { return RedirectToAction("Index"); } } //接收编辑 [HttpPost] public async Task Edit(CreateModel createModel) { if(ModelState.IsValid) { AppUser user = await UserManager.FindByIdAsync(createModel.Id); if (user != null) { //关于邮箱 user.Email = createModel.Email; IdentityResult validEmail = await UserManager.UserValidator.ValidateAsync(user); if (!validEmail.Succeeded) { AddErrorsFromResult(validEmail); } user.UserName = createModel.Name; //关于密码 IdentityResult validPass = null; if (createModel.Password != string.Empty) { validPass = await UserManager.PasswordValidator.ValidateAsync(createModel.Password); if (validPass.Succeeded) { user.PasswordHash = UserManager.PasswordHasher.HashPassword(createModel.Password); } else { AddErrorsFromResult(validPass); } } user.Email = createModel.Email; //验证结果 if ((validEmail.Succeeded && validPass == null) || (validEmail.Succeeded && createModel.Password != string.Empty && validPass.Succeeded)) { IdentityResult result = await UserManager.UpdateAsync(user); if (result.Succeeded) { return RedirectToAction("Index"); } else { AddErrorsFromResult(result); } } else { ModelState.AddModelError("", "无此用户"); } } return View(createModel); } else { return View(createModel); } } //删除 [HttpPost] public async Task Delete(string id) { AppUser user = await UserManager.FindByIdAsync(id); if(user != null) { IdentityResult result = await UserManager.DeleteAsync(user); if(result.Succeeded) { return RedirectToAction("Index"); } else { return View("Error", result.Errors); } } else { return View("Error", new string[] { "没有此用户" }); } } private void AddErrorsFromResult(IdentityResult result) { foreach(var error in result.Errors) { ModelState.AddModelError("", error); } } private AppUserManager UserManager { get { return HttpContext.GetOwinContext().GetUserManager (); } } }
Admin/Edit.cshtml视图。
@model WebApplication4.Models.CreateModel @{ ViewBag.Title = "Edit"; Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml"; }Edit
@using (Html.BeginForm()) { @Html.AntiForgeryToken()}
@Html.ValidationSummary(true) @Html.HiddenFor(model => model.Id)@Html.LabelFor(model => model.Name, new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })@Html.EditorFor(model => model.Name) @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Name)@Html.LabelFor(model => model.Email, new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })@Html.EditorFor(model => model.Email) @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Email)@Html.LabelFor(model => model.Password, new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })@Html.EditorFor(model => model.Password) @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Password)@Html.ActionLink("返回", "Index")
另外,如果删除失败,跳转到Shared/Error.cshtml视图页。
@model IEnumerable@{ ViewBag.Title = "Error";} @switch (Model.Count()) { case 0: @: Something went wrong. Please try again break; case 1: @Model.First(); break; default: @: 发现如下错误:@Html.ActionLink("确定", "Index", null, new { @class = "btn btn-default" })@foreach (string error in Model) {
break; }- @error
}
至此,使用ASP.NET Identy实现对用户的增删改查完毕,ASP.NET Identity真的很好很强大!
以上就是这篇文章的全部内容了,希望本文的内容对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值,谢谢大家对IT俱乐部的支持。如果你想了解更多相关内容请查看下面相关链接