IT俱乐部 Java SpringBoot结合JWT实现用户登录、注册、鉴权

SpringBoot结合JWT实现用户登录、注册、鉴权

发布: 2023年 5月 12日 576阅读

用户登录、注册及鉴权是我们基本所有系统必备的，也是很核心重要的一块，这一块的安全性等都比较重要，实现的方案其实也有几种，从以前的cookie+session的方案，到现在常用的jwt的方案，这篇文章就讲讲目前在公司中最常用的jwt方案如何实现。

一、用户注册与登录

完成用户注册与登录有个核心点就是密码的加密与验证，我们目前比较常用的方案是密码+盐再采用MD5加密的方案，

盐的方式一般可以在application.yml里面写死，但安全性相对较差，还有就是通过UUID生成存到数据库里，这里我们采用第二种安全性更高的方式。

sql如下：

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DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;
CREATE TABLE `user` (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `username` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `password` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `salt` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `admin` int(1) DEFAULT '0',
  `age` int(3) NOT NULL,
  `create_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
  `update_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
  `deleted` int(1) DEFAULT '0',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

对应的User实体类

domian.entity.User:

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import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.FieldFill;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableField;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableId;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableName;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.experimental.Accessors;
import java.util.Date;
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Accessors(chain = true)
@TableName("user")
public class User {
    @TableId
    private Long id;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private String salt;
    private Boolean admin;
    private Integer age;
    @TableField(fill = FieldFill.INSERT)
    private Date createTime;
    @TableField(fill = FieldFill.INSERT_UPDATE)
    private Date updateTime;
    private Integer deleted;
}

这里我们使用了Mybatis Plus的逻辑删除及自动填充功能，不太清楚的可以看看我的文章SpringBoot 整合 Mybatis Plus 实现基本CRUD功能

接收用户注册信息的DTO

domain.dto.registryUserDto:

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import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnore;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import java.util.UUID;
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class registryUserDto {
    private String username;
    private String password;
    @JsonIgnore
    private String salt = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replaceAll("-", "");
    private Boolean admin;
    private Integer age;
}

@JsonIgnore为忽略前端的传值，这里使用我们UUID生成的值。

用户登录的DTO

domain.dto.LoginUserDto:

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import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class LoginUserDto {
    private String username;
    private String password;
}

用户注册与登录的controller:

controller.UserController:

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import com.jk.domain.dto.registryUserDto;
import com.jk.domain.dto.LoginUserDto;
import com.jk.service.UserService;
import com.jk.domain.vo.ResponseResult;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;
    @PostMapping("/registry")
    public ResponseResult registryUser(@RequestBody registryUserDto registryUserDto) {
        return userService.registryUser(registryUserDto);
    }
    @PostMapping("/login")
    public ResponseResult login(@RequestBody LoginUserDto loginUserDto) {
        return userService.login(loginUserDto);
    }
}

用户注册与登录的service:

service.UserService:

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import com.jk.domain.dto.registryUserDto;
import com.jk.domain.dto.LoginUserDto;
import com.jk.domain.vo.ResponseResult;
public interface UserService {
    ResponseResult registryUser(registryUserDto registryUserDto);
    ResponseResult login(LoginUserDto loginUserDto);
}

用户注册与登录的service实现类:

service.impl.UserServiceImpl:

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import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.conditions.query.LambdaQueryWrapper;
import com.jk.domain.dto.registryUserDto;
import com.jk.domain.dto.LoginUserDto;
import com.jk.domain.entity.User;
import com.jk.enums.AppHttpCodeEnum;
import com.jk.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.jk.service.UserService;
import com.jk.domain.vo.ResponseResult;
import com.jk.utils.BeanCopyUtils;
import com.jk.utils.JwtUtils;
import com.jk.utils.RedisCache;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.util.DigestUtils;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    @Autowired
    private UserMapper userMapper;
    @Autowired
    private RedisCache redisCache;
    @Override
    public ResponseResult registryUser(registryUserDto registryUserDto) {
        String password = registryUserDto.getPassword();
        String salt = registryUserDto.getSalt();
        String md5Password = DigestUtils.md5DigestAsHex((password + salt).getBytes());
        registryUserDto.setPassword(md5Password);
        User user = BeanCopyUtils.copyBean(registryUserDto, User.class);
        userMapper.insert(user);
        return ResponseResult.okResult();
    }
    @Override
    public ResponseResult login(LoginUserDto loginUserDto) {
        String username = loginUserDto.getUsername();
        String password = loginUserDto.getPassword();
        LambdaQueryWrapper queryWrapper = new LambdaQueryWrapper();
        queryWrapper.eq(User::getUsername, username);
        User user = userMapper.selectOne(queryWrapper);
        String md5Password = DigestUtils.md5DigestAsHex((password + user.getSalt()).getBytes());
        if (!md5Password.equals(user.getPassword())) {
            return ResponseResult.errorResult(AppHttpCodeEnum.LOGIN_ERROR);
        }
        String token = JwtUtils.createToken(user.getId());
        redisCache.setCacheObject("TOKEN_" + token, JSON.toJSONString(user), 1, TimeUnit.DAYS);
        return ResponseResult.okResult(token);
    }
}

用户注册时，我们把密码+salt进行MD5加密，然后入库，用户登录时，根据username查出用户，再把用户传入的密码+salt进行MD5加密与数据库查出的用户进行密码比较判断是否验证通过。这里还有使用到一个JWT工具类，验证通过后使用JWT工具类生成token和用户信息存到redis里面，这里需要引入下fastjson来对用户信息字符串化存，然后返回前端token。

具体JWT使用如下：

  • 首先引入fastjson和jwt的依赖包
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com.alibabafastjson2.0.26io.jsonwebtokenjjwt0.9.1
  • JWT工具类的封装

utils.JwtUtils:

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import io.jsonwebtoken.Jwt;
import io.jsonwebtoken.JwtBuilder;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Jwts;
import io.jsonwebtoken.SignatureAlgorithm;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
public class JwtUtils {
    private static final String jwtToken = "1234567890p[]l;'";
    public static String createToken(Long userId) {
        Map claims = new HashMap();
        claims.put("userId", userId);
        JwtBuilder jwtBuilder = Jwts.builder()
                // 设置有效载荷
                .setClaims(claims)
                // 设置签发时间
                .setIssuedAt(new Date())
                // 设置过期时间
                .setExpiration(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + 24 * 60 * 60 * 60 * 1000))
                // 采用HS256方式签名，key就是用来签名的秘钥
                .signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS256, jwtToken);
        String token = jwtBuilder.compact();
        return token;
    }
    public static Map checkToken(String token) {
        try {
            Jwt parse = Jwts.parser().setSigningKey(jwtToken).parse(token);
            return (Map) parse.getBody();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        }
    }
}

到此我们已经完成了用户的注册和登录功能。但还有一个问题就是用户鉴权，我们在调用其他接口时如何判断用户是否已登录。

二、用户鉴权

用户鉴权我们需要用到ThreadLocal来存储用户信息，我们首先创建这个工具类

utils.UserThreadLocal:

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import com.jk.domain.entity.User;
public class UserThreadLocal {
    private UserThreadLocal() {
    }
    private static final ThreadLocal LOCAL = new ThreadLocal();
    public static void put(User user) {
        LOCAL.set(user);
    }
    public static User get() {
        return LOCAL.get();
    }
    public static void remove() {
        LOCAL.remove();
    }
}

还需要在service中实现验证token的逻辑

service.UserService:

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User checkToken(String token);

service.impl.UserServiceImpl:

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@Override
public User checkToken(String token) {
    if (StringUtils.isEmpty(token)) {
        return null;
    }
    Map map = JwtUtils.checkToken(token);
    if (map == null) {
        return null;
    }
    String userJson =  redisCache.getCacheObject("TOKEN_" + token);
    if (StringUtils.isEmpty(userJson)) {
        return null;
    }
    User user = JSON.parseObject(userJson, User.class);
    return user;
}

使用拦截器实现token验证

handler.interceptor.LoginInterceptor:

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import com.jk.domain.entity.User;
import com.jk.enums.AppHttpCodeEnum;
import com.jk.exception.SystemException;
import com.jk.service.UserService;
import com.jk.utils.UserThreadLocal;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.web.method.HandlerMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
@Component
@Slf4j
public class LoginInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        if (!(handler instanceof HandlerMethod)) {
            return true;
        }
        String token = request.getHeader("token");
        log.info("===============request start===============");
        log.info("request uri:{}", request.getRequestURI());
        log.info("request method:{}", request.getMethod());
        log.info("token:{}", token);
        log.info("===============request end===============");
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(token)) {
            throw new SystemException(AppHttpCodeEnum.NEED_LOGIN);
        }
        User user = userService.checkToken(token);
        if (user == null) {
            throw new SystemException(AppHttpCodeEnum.NEED_LOGIN);
        }
        UserThreadLocal.put(user);
        return true;
    }
    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
        UserThreadLocal.remove();
    }
}

配置WebMvcConfigurer使用登录拦截器

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import com.jk.handler.interceptor.LoginInterceptor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;
@Configuration
public class WebMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
    @Autowired
    private LoginInterceptor loginInterceptor;
    @Override
    public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
        registry.addInterceptor(loginInterceptor)
                .addPathPatterns("/web/**")
                .addPathPatterns("/admin/**");
    }
}

会对/web及/admin的所有接口做登录验证，这个大家根据自己项目需求调整。

到此这篇关于SpringBoot结合JWT实现用户登录、注册、鉴权的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关SpringBoot JWT用户登录、注册、鉴权内容请搜索IT俱乐部以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持IT俱乐部！

本文收集自网络，不代表IT俱乐部立场，转载请注明出处。https://www.2it.club/code/java/8072.html
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