因工作需要，要在图片中显示中文字符，并且要求速度足够快，在网上搜罗一番后，总结下几个解决方法。
1.方法一：转PIL后使用PIL相关函数添加中文字符
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 | from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFontimport cv2import numpy as np# cv2读取图片，名称不能有汉字img = cv2.imread('pic1.jpeg') # cv2和PIL中颜色的hex码的储存顺序不同cv2img = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB) pilimg = Image.fromarray(cv2img)# PIL图片上打印汉字draw = ImageDraw.Draw(pilimg) # 图片上打印#simsun 宋体font = ImageFont.truetype("simsun.ttf", 40, encoding="utf-8") #位置，文字，颜色==红色，字体引入draw.text((20, 20), "你好", (255, 0, 0), font=font) # PIL图片转cv2 图片cv2charimg = cv2.cvtColor(np.array(pilimg), cv2.COLOR_RGB2BGR)cv2.imshow("img", cv2charimg)cv2.waitKey (0)cv2.destroyAllWindows() |
存在的缺点：cv2->pil 中 Image.fromarray(img)存在耗时4~5ms
2.方法二：opencv重新编译带freetype
编译过程略。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 | import cv2import numpy as np# 创建一个黑色的图像img = np.zeros((300, 500, 3), dtype=np.uint8)# 中文文本text = '你好，OpenCV！'# 设置字体相关参数font_path = 'path/to/your/chinese/font.ttf' # 替换为你的中文字体文件路径font_size = 24font_color = (255, 255, 255)thickness = 2# 使用 truetype 字体加载中文字体font = cv2.freetype.createFreeType2()font.loadFontData(font_path)# 在图像上放置中文文本position = (50, 150)font.putText(img, text, position, font_size, font_color, thickness=thickness)# 显示图像cv2.imshow('Image with Chinese Text', img)cv2.waitKey(0)cv2.destroyAllWindows() |
缺点：编译过程复杂繁琐，容易报一些列的错误，编译时确保已安装第三方库freetype和harfbuzz，并且配置编译参数时需打开freetype。
3.方法三：使用freetype-py
1 | pip install freetype-py |
ft.py
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 | import numpy as npimport freetypeimport copyimport pdbimport timeclass PutChineseText(object): def __init__(self, ttf, text_size): self._face = freetype.Face(ttf) hscale = 1.0 self.matrix = freetype.Matrix(int(hscale)*0x10000, int(0.2*0x10000),int(0.0*0x10000), int(1.1*0x10000)) self.cur_pen = freetype.Vector() self.pen_translate = freetype.Vector() self._face.set_transform(self.matrix, self.pen_translate) self._face.set_char_size(text_size * 64) metrics = self._face.size ascender = metrics.ascender/64.0 #descender = metrics.descender/64.0 #height = metrics.height/64.0 #linegap = height - ascender + descender self.ypos = int(ascender) self.pen = freetype.Vector() def draw_text(self, image, pos, text, text_color): ''' draw chinese(or not) text with ttf :param image: image(numpy.ndarray) to draw text :param pos: where to draw text :param text: the context, for chinese should be unicode type :param text_size: text size :param text_color:text color :return: image ''' # if not isinstance(text, unicode): # text = text.decode('utf-8') img = self.draw_string(image, pos[0], pos[1]+self.ypos, text, text_color) return img def draw_string(self, img, x_pos, y_pos, text, color): ''' draw string :param x_pos: text x-postion on img :param y_pos: text y-postion on img :param text: text (unicode) :param color: text color :return: image ''' prev_char = 0 self.pen.x = x_pos > 6 y_pos = pen.y >> 6 cols = bitmap.width rows = bitmap.rows glyph_pixels = bitmap.buffer for row in range(rows): for col in range(cols): if glyph_pixels[row*cols + col] != 0: img[y_pos + row][x_pos + col][0] = color[0] img[y_pos + row][x_pos + col][1] = color[1] img[y_pos + row][x_pos + col][2] = color[2]if __name__ == '__main__': # just for test import cv2 line = '你好' img = np.zeros([300,300,3]) color_ = (0,255,0) # Green pos = (40, 40) text_size = 24 ft = PutChineseText('font/simsun.ttc',text_size=20) t1 = time.time() image = ft.draw_text(img, pos, line, color_) print(f'draw load . ({time.time() - t1:.3f}s)') cv2.imshow('ss', image) cv2.waitKey(0) |
缺点：每个字符耗时在0.3~1ms左右，耗时略大。
4.方法四：使用OpenCV5.0
4.1 编译opencv5.x版本
编译过程较复杂，不推荐。
4.2 使用rolling版本
卸载原先安装的opencv
1 2 | pip uninstall opencv-pythonpip uninstall opencv-contrib-python |
安装rolling版本
1 2 | pip install opencv-python-rollingpip install opencv-contrib-python-rolling |
安装完毕后，cv2.putText即可支持中文字符。
缺点：5.0版本暂未正式发布，可能存在不稳定情况
优点：耗时几乎没有
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