一:基础环境介绍:
- Centos:7.8(cat /etc/redhat-release查看版本号)
- Python:3.9.5(python -V查看版本号)
- Django:4.2(django-admin –version查看版本号)
- Uwsgi:2.0.21(uwsgi –version查看版本号)
- Nginx:1.20.1 (nginx -v查看版本号)
- mysql-community-common-8.0(可自行安装)
二:部署环境安装配置:
1.基础依赖环境安装
1 2 3 4 | yum -y groupinstall "Development tools" yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2 -devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gcc make gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel libffi-devel |
2.安装wegt,vim,unzip等必须命令
1 | yum -y install wget vim unzip |
3.安装python与pip(或者python多版本管理工具pyenv等)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 | ## 1.下载自己需要版本的python版本包 wget https: //www .python.org /ftp/python/3 .9.5 /Python-3 .9.5. tar .xz ## 2.新建python3目录 mkdir /usr/local/python3 ## 3.安装Python3压缩包,进入解压目录,指定安装目录,安装Python3 tar -xvf Python-3.9.5. tar .xz cd Python-3.9.5 . /configure --prefix= /usr/local/python3 make && make install ## 4.安装Python3时,会自动安装pip,如果没有就手动安装 yum -y install python-pip ## 5.pip配置(更换pip的源) (1)编辑pip.conf [root@localhost ~] # cd ~ [root@localhost ~] # mkdir .pip [root@localhost ~] # vim pip.conf [global] index-url = https: //mirrors .aliyun.com /pypi/simple/ [ install ] trusted-host=mirrors.aliyun.com (2) 安装依赖安装好pip [root@localhost ~] # yum -y install epel-release [root@localhost ~] # yum install python-pip [root@localhost ~] # pip install --upgrade pip ## 6.升级下pip pip install --upgrade pip ## 7.创建软链接 ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3 ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3 ## 输入python3测试是否安装成功 python -V |
4.安装nginx
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 | ## 1.yum方式安装nginx yum -y install nginx ## 2.查看nginx版本 nginx - v ## 3.启动nginx systemctl status nginx ## 查看nginx状态 systemctl start nginx ## 开启nginx服务 systemctl stop nginx ## 关闭nginx服务 |
5.安装uwsgi
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 | ## 1.安装uwsgi pip3 install uwsgi ## 2.建立软链接 ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/uwsgi /usr/bin/uwsgi ## 3.查看uwsgi版本 uwsgi --version |
三:部署django项目:
1.上传项目并安装项目模块并启动测试
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 | ## 1.pip导出项目依赖包 pip freeze > requirements.txt ## 2.上传文件到服务器 ## 3.解压项目 unzaip tman.zip ## 4.pip安装项目依赖模块 pip3 install -r requirements.txt ## 5.通过python3 manage.py runserver运行一下项目,如果能正常启动则进行下一步,不能正常运行往上检查。 这里需要注意使用python3来执行manage.py,否则会出现报错情况! |
2.在项目里配置uwsgi.ini配置文件
(1)在settings.py所在目录vim新文件项目名称.ini
(2)配置项目名称.ini文件
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 | [uwsgi] master=true chdir=/var/tman module=tman.wsgi py-autoreload=1 lazy-apps=true socket=127.0.0.1:8000 processes=4 # pid文件,用于脚本启动,停止 pidfile=uwsgi.pid buffer-size=32768 daemonize=uwsgi.log log-maxsize = 5000000 vacuum = true disable-logging = true |
(3)检查settings.py配置并收集项目静态文件
一般都是这个配置,我的是基于vue的前后端分离项目:
1 2 3 4 5 | STATICFILES_DIRS = [ os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'dist/static' ), ] STATIC_URL = 'static/' |
url.py配置:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 | from django.contrib import admin from django.urls import path, include from django.views.generic.base import TemplateView urlpatterns = [ path( 'admin/' , admin.site.urls), path( 'api/v1/' , include( 'tadmin.urls' )), path(' ', TemplateView.as_view(template_name=' index.html')) ] |
非前后端分离项目可以使用如下命令收集静态文件:
1 | python manage.py collectstatic |
基于vue使用如下命令进行前端打包:
1 | npm run build |
(4)启动测试,并查看日志
1 2 3 4 5 | ## 在当前目录启动 uwsgi -i tman.ini ## 启动之后查看进程 ps -ef | grep uwsgi |
查看进程
查看日志
3.配置nginx
1 | vim /etc/nginx/nginx .conf |
nginx.conf配置
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 | server { listen 80; listen [::]:80; server_name 192.168.75.188; charset utf-8; location /static/ { alias /var/tman/dist/static/ ; index index.html index.htm; } location / { include uwsgi_params; uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8000; } # Load configuration files for the default server block. include /etc/nginx/default .d/*.conf; error_page 404 /404 .html; location = /404 .html { } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x .html; location = /50x .html { } } |
(4)启动nginx
1 2 3 4 | [root@localhost tman] # nginx -t nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx .conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx .conf test is successful [root@localhost tman] # nginx -s reload |
(5)访问项目http://192.168.75.188/#/
四:备注
之后项目重启只需要重启uwsgi之后再重启nginx即可,切记正式环境要关掉django的debug模式,防止报错源码被看到。
1 2 3 4 | ## 项目重启 killall -9 uwsgi uwsgi -i tman.ini nginx -s reload |
uwsgi操作
1 2 3 4 5 | uwsgi --ini uwsgi.ini # 重启uswgi uwsgi --reload uwsgi.pid # 停止uwsgi uwsgi --stop uwsgi.pid |
五、部署报错:
(1)pip3安装mysqlclient==2.1.1报错
1 2 3 | /bin/sh: mysql_config: command not found /bin/sh: mariadb_config: command not found /bin/sh: mysql_config: command not found |
解决办法:
1 | yum -y install mysql-devel |
Error: MariaDB-compat conflicts with 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
Error: Package: 1:mariadb-devel-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64 (base)
Requires: mariadb-libs(x86-64) = 1:5.5.68-1.el7
Installed: MariaDB-compat-10.4.25-1.el7.centos.x86_64 (@mariadb)
mariadb-libs(x86-64) = 1:10.1.48-1.el7.centos
You could try using –skip-broken to work around the problem
You could try running: rpm -Va –nofiles –nodigest
解决办法:
1 | yum remove MariaDB-common |
(2)open() "/root/tman/dist/static/js/vendor.652814051b5133caa1e9.js" failed (13: Permission denied)
原因,nginx目录权限问题,我将项目放在root下,导致nginx权限不足,解决办法,将项目移到其他目录,如/var等
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