tomcat简介
Tomcat是Apache 软件基金会（Apache Software Foundation）的Jakarta 项目中的一个核心项目，由Apache、Sun 和其他一些公司及个人共同开发而成。由于有了Sun 的参与和支持，最新的Servlet 和JSP 规范总是能在Tomcat 中得到体现，Tomcat 5支持最新的Servlet 2.4 和JSP 2.0 规范。因为Tomcat 技术先进、性能稳定，而且免费，因而深受Java 爱好者的喜爱并得到了部分软件开发商的认可，成为目前比较流行的Web 应用服务器。
Tomcat 服务器是一个免费的开放源代码的Web 应用服务器，属于轻量级应用服务器，在中小型系统和并发访问用户不是很多的场合下被普遍使用，是开发和调试JSP 程序的首选。对于一个初学者来说，可以这样认为，当在一台机器上配置好Apache 服务器，可利用它响应HTML（标准通用标记语言下的一个应用）页面的访问请求。实际上Tomcat是Apache 服务器的扩展，但运行时它是独立运行的，所以当你运行tomcat 时，它实际上作为一个与Apache 独立的进程单独运行的。
诀窍是，当配置正确时，Apache 为HTML页面服务，而Tomcat 实际上运行JSP 页面和Servlet。另外，Tomcat和IIS等Web服务器一样，具有处理HTML页面的功能，另外它还是一个Servlet和JSP容器，独立的Servlet容器是Tomcat的默认模式。不过，Tomcat处理静态HTML的能力不如Apache服务器。目前Tomcat最新版本为9.0。
tomcat就是传说中的中间件之一，tomcat本身是一个容器，专门用来运行java程序，java语言开发的网页.jsp就应该运行于tomcat中。而tomcat本身的运行也依赖于jdk环境。
安装tomcat
1 2 | //安装依赖包[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install java-11-openjdk-devel java-11-openjdk |
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | //解压安装包[root@localhost ~]# tar xf apache-tomcat-9.0.46.tar.gz[root@localhost ~]# lsanaconda-ks.cfg apache-tomcat-9.0.46 apache-tomcat-9.0.46.tar.gz scripts//移动到/usr/local/tomcat下[root@localhost ~]# mv apache-tomcat-9.0.46 /usr/local/tomcat |
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 | //启动tomcat[root@localhost tomcat]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcatUsing CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcatUsing CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/tempUsing JRE_HOME: /usrUsing CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jarUsing CATALINA_OPTS: Tomcat started.[root@localhost tomcat]# ss -antlState Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* LISTEN 0 1 [::ffff:127.0.0.1]:8005 *:* LISTEN 0 100 *:8080 *:* |
1 2 3 4 5 | [root@localhost tomcat]# vim /conf/server.xml//把注释取消 <connector protocol="AJP/1.3" address="::1" port="8009" redirectport="8443"></connector> |
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 | [root@localhost tomcat]# ./bin/catalina.sh stopUsing CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcatUsing CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcatUsing CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/tempUsing JRE_HOME: /usrUsing CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jarUsing CATALINA_OPTS: NOTE: Picked up JDK_JAVA_OPTIONS: --add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.io=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport=ALL-UNNAMED[root@localhost tomcat]# ss -antlState Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* [root@localhost tomcat]# ./bin/catalina.sh startUsing CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcatUsing CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcatUsing CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/tempUsing JRE_HOME: /usrUsing CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jarUsing CATALINA_OPTS: Tomcat started.[root@localhost tomcat]# ss -antlState Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* LISTEN 0 1 [::ffff:127.0.0.1]:8005 *:* LISTEN 0 100 [::1]:8009 [::]:* LISTEN 0 100 *:8080 *:* |
配置管理界面Manager App
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 | [root@localhost conf]# vim tomcat-users.xml//把下列两行加到这个配置文件的倒数第二行<role rolename="manager-gui"></role><user username="tomcat" password="s3cret" roles="manager-gui"></user>[root@localhost tomcat]# lsbin conf lib logs README.md RUNNING.txt webappsBUILDING.txt CONTRIBUTING.md LICENSE NOTICE RELEASE-NOTES temp work[root@localhost tomcat]# cd webapps/[root@localhost webapps]# lsdocs examples host-manager manager ROOT[root@localhost webapps]# cd manager/[root@localhost manager]# lscss images index.jsp META-INF status.xsd WEB-INF xform.xsl[root@localhost manager]# cd META-INF/[root@localhost META-INF]# lscontext.xml[root@localhost META-INF]# vim context.xml allow="192.168.100.d+|127.d+.d+.d+|::1|0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1" />在这个文件中加入要访问的ip网段。 |
配置Host Manager
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 | [root@localhost conf]# lsCatalina context.xml logging.properties tomcat-users.xsdcatalina.policy jaspic-providers.xml server.xml web.xmlcatalina.properties jaspic-providers.xsd tomcat-users.xml[root@localhost conf]# vim tomcat-users.xml <role rolename="manager-gui"></role><role rolename="admin-gui"></role> //在配置文件中加入此行<user username="zdj" password="123456" roles="manager-gui,admin-gui"></user> //加入admin-gui因为修改了配置文件，，这里需要重启[root@localhost tomcat]# ./bin/catalina.sh stopUsing CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcatUsing CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcatUsing CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/tempUsing JRE_HOME: /usrUsing CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jarUsing CATALINA_OPTS: NOTE: Picked up JDK_JAVA_OPTIONS: --add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.io=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport=ALL-UNNAMED[root@localhost tomcat]# ./bin/catalina.sh startUsing CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcatUsing CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcatUsing CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/tempUsing JRE_HOME: /usrUsing CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jarUsing CATALINA_OPTS: Tomcat started.[root@localhost tomcat]# ss -antlState Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* LISTEN 0 1 [::ffff:127.0.0.1]:8005 *:* LISTEN 0 100 [::1]:8009 [::]:* LISTEN 0 100 *:8080 *:* |
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | [root@localhost tomcat]# cd webapps/host-manager/META-INF/[root@localhost META-INF]# lscontext.xml[root@localhost META-INF]# vim context.xml allow="192.168.100.d+|127.d+.d+.d+|::1|0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1" />//在这个文件中加入要访问的网段 |
查看一下服务器状态
添加jenkins服务
1 2 3 4 5 6 | [root@localhost ~]# lsanaconda-ks.cfg jenkins.war scripts[root@localhost ~]# cp jenkins.war /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/[root@localhost webapps]# lsdocs examples host-manager jenkins jenkins.war manager ROOT |
1 2 3 | 查看密码[root@localhost webapps]# cat /root/.jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPasswordf9770e45cc67460586e22f049b96e91d |
配置完成。
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