前言
Filter是什么?Filter是servlet规范中定义的java web组件, 在所有支持java web的容器中都可以使用 它是位于前端请求到servlet之间的一系列过滤器,也可以称之为中间件,它主要是对请求到达servlet之前做一些额外的动作:
- 1、权限控制
- 2、监控
- 3、日志管理
- 4、等等
这里涉及到两个接口:Filter和FilterChain
Filter和FilterChain密不可分, Filter可以实现依次调用正是因为有了FilterChain。
1、Filter接口
public interface Filter { // 容器创建的时候调用, 即启动tomcat的时候调用 public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException; // 由FilterChain调用, 并且传入FilterChain本身, 最后回调FilterChain的doFilter()方法 public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException; // 容器销毁的时候调用, 即关闭tomcat的时候调用 public void destroy(); }
2、FilterChain接口
public interface FilterChain { // 由Filter.doFilter()中的chain.doFilter调用 public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response) throws IOException, ServletException; }
执行流程
在前面的文章中,我们知道,tomcat启动会执行StandardWrapperValve.java
类的invoke
方法:
public final void invoke(Request request, Response response){ ...... MessageBytes requestPathMB = request.getRequestPathMB(); DispatcherType dispatcherType = DispatcherType.REQUEST; if (request.getDispatcherType()==DispatcherType.ASYNC) dispatcherType = DispatcherType.ASYNC; request.setAttribute(Globals.DISPATCHER_TYPE_ATTR,dispatcherType); request.setAttribute(Globals.DISPATCHER_REQUEST_PATH_ATTR, requestPathMB); // Create the filter chain for this request ApplicationFilterChain filterChain = ApplicationFilterFactory.createFilterChain(request, wrapper, servlet); // Call the filter chain for this request // NOTE: This also calls the servlet's service() method Container container = this.container; try { if ((servlet != null) && (filterChain != null)) { // Swallow output if needed if (context.getSwallowOutput()) { try { SystemLogHandler.startCapture(); if (request.isAsyncDispatching()) { request.getAsyncContextInternal().doInternalDispatch(); } else { filterChain.doFilter(request.getRequest(), response.getResponse()); } } finally { String log = SystemLogHandler.stopCapture(); if (log != null && log.length() > 0) { context.getLogger().info(log); } } } else { if (request.isAsyncDispatching()) { request.getAsyncContextInternal().doInternalDispatch(); } else { filterChain.doFilter (request.getRequest(), response.getResponse()); } } } } catch (ClientAbortException | CloseNowException e) { } ...... }
上面的代码做了如下一些动作:
- 1、每次请求过来都会创建一个过滤器链(filterChain),并把待执行的servlet对象存放到过滤器链中。对于每个url,对应的filter个数都是不固定的,filterchain需要保存每个请求所对应的一个filter数组,以及调用到的filter的position,以便继续向下调用filter。
- 2、创建了filterChain之后,就开始执行doFilter进行请求的链式处理。
1、创建filterChain
下面我们具体来看看filterChain是怎么创建的
public static ApplicationFilterChain createFilterChain(ServletRequest request, Wrapper wrapper, Servlet servlet) { // If there is no servlet to execute, return null if (servlet == null) return null; // Create and initialize a filter chain object ApplicationFilterChain filterChain = null; if (request instanceof Request) { Request req = (Request) request; if (Globals.IS_SECURITY_ENABLED) { // Security: Do not recycle filterChain = new ApplicationFilterChain(); } else { filterChain = (ApplicationFilterChain) req.getFilterChain(); if (filterChain == null) { filterChain = new ApplicationFilterChain(); req.setFilterChain(filterChain); } } } else { // Request dispatcher in use filterChain = new ApplicationFilterChain(); } filterChain.setServlet(servlet); filterChain.setServletSupportsAsync(wrapper.isAsyncSupported()); // Acquire the filter mappings for this Context StandardContext context = (StandardContext) wrapper.getParent(); FilterMap filterMaps[] = context.findFilterMaps(); // If there are no filter mappings, we are done if ((filterMaps == null) || (filterMaps.length == 0)) return filterChain; // Acquire the information we will need to match filter mappings DispatcherType dispatcher = (DispatcherType) request.getAttribute(Globals.DISPATCHER_TYPE_ATTR); String requestPath = null; Object attribute = request.getAttribute(Globals.DISPATCHER_REQUEST_PATH_ATTR); if (attribute != null){ requestPath = attribute.toString(); } String servletName = wrapper.getName(); // Add the relevant path-mapped filters to this filter chain for (FilterMap filterMap : filterMaps) { if (!matchDispatcher(filterMap, dispatcher)) { continue; } if (!matchFiltersURL(filterMap, requestPath)) continue; ApplicationFilterConfig filterConfig = (ApplicationFilterConfig) context.findFilterConfig(filterMap.getFilterName()); if (filterConfig == null) { // FIXME - log configuration problem continue; } filterChain.addFilter(filterConfig); } // Add filters that match on servlet name second for (FilterMap filterMap : filterMaps) { if (!matchDispatcher(filterMap, dispatcher)) { continue; } if (!matchFiltersServlet(filterMap, servletName)) continue; ApplicationFilterConfig filterConfig = (ApplicationFilterConfig) context.findFilterConfig(filterMap.getFilterName()); if (filterConfig == null) { // FIXME - log configuration problem continue; } filterChain.addFilter(filterConfig); } // Return the completed filter chain return filterChain; }
上面的代码做了一下几件事:
- 1、把要执行的servlet存放到过滤器链中。
- 2、如果没有配置过滤器则return一个空的过滤器链(只包含上面设置的servlet)。
- 3、如果配置url-pattern过滤器,则把匹配的过滤器加入到过滤器链中
- 4、如果配置servlet-name过滤器,则把匹配的过滤器加入到过滤器链中
注意: filterChain.addFilter()顺序与web.xml中定义的Filter顺序一致,所以过滤器的执行顺序是按定义的上下顺序决定的。
2、执行dofilter
创建了chain之后,就开始执行链式请求了,具体的逻辑如下:
private void internalDoFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response) throws IOException, ServletException { // Call the next filter if there is one if (pos
上面的代码逻辑如下:
- 1、通过position索引判断是否执行完了所有的filter
- 2、如果没有,取出当前待执行的索引filter,调用其doFilter方法,在上面的接口说明中,我们看到,所有的filter类都继承了filter接口,都实现了dofilter方法;我们也注意到,该方法接收一个filterChain对象。在这段代码中,
filter.doFilter(request, response, this);
可以看到,将自身引用传递进去了,那么各个filter在dofilter的方法中,可以根据自身业务需要,来判断是否需要继续进行下面的filter链式执行,如果需要,就执行filterChain.doFilter
方法,此时就又回到了此代码中。如果反复 - 3、如果执行完了所有的filter,则开始执行servlet业务模块
servlet.service(request, response);
以上就是详解Tomcat中Filter是怎样执行的的详细内容,更多关于Tomcat Filter执行的资料请关注IT俱乐部其它相关文章!